Mbinndudi fulfulde
-b.sombo
En yi’ii mbinndudi fulfulde ndin ka Fiinannde 1 e Fiinannde 2, wonaa ko saɗti (metti fii). Kala faalaaɗo hino waawi ekkitaade ɗum e nder dumunna mo juutaa. Kono si en janngii binndanɗe fulfulde, en taway jiiɓu-jaaɓu hino heewi haa jooni, helmere wootere nden maa alkulal gootal ngal hino winndiree nooneeji ɗuuɗuɗi. Hay huunde wonaa sabu mum si wonaa waasude fahmondiral hakkunde Fulɓe. Goonga ko goɗɗo wi’unoo kon, Fulɓe ɓen waɗay aadi haa gasa, gooto fuu hoota ka mum waɗa ko faalaa. Sikke alaa, fahin hino tawaa e ko saɗtini siinugol aadi mbinndudi fulfulde, ŋakkugol jannde e ɗemngal muynaangal ngal ka lekkolji e ŋakkugol defte e jaayndeeji. Peeral hino etaade ɗoo hollitangol en yoga e ɗen luure ka mbinndudi: ny/ñ/ɲ
Bensondiral (konferansi) Bamako ngal (1966) ko ny yamirnoo. Ko 1972 Persidan Senghor mo Senegal sar’ini mbinndudi ɗemɗe Senegaal yamiri huuwtorgol alkulal ñ luɓaangal e ispaaniyankoore (espanyol). Gine kadi nde jaɓunoo huuwotorgol fonndoodi UNESCO ndin feewndo duuɓi 1990 ɓeydani hoore mum alkule kese: ɲ e nb (lomto mb), tawi Mali kadi seliino ny lomtinirii ɲ. Jiiɓoldu ndun timmi tis, ko e mum won-ɗen haa jooni!
Ko ɓuri haawnaade, ko feewndo Najeeriya jaɓunoo fonndoodi UNESCO ndin (ɓayri ɓe tawanooka Bamako 1966 sabu on saanga e giiɗe maɓɓe muraadu ndun ko muraadu leyɗe haali-faransi), leyɗe adinooɗe gollirgol mo naati e jiiɓugol mo. Hino gasa sabaabeeji mum hino ɗuuɗi, kono sikke alaa gooto e majji ko lo’ere Fulɓe ɓen hella ka dawro (politiki) sabu ɓe hollaali laamuuji ɗin hitte ngootaagu ɗemngal maɓɓe ngal, ɓe acci ɗin laamuuji ɓahi mbinndudi fulfulde ndin e mbinndudi ɗemɗe ɓurɗe doole e ɗen leyɗe, ɗum ko njolfoore Senegaal maa Bammbarankoore Mali.
Sabaabe goo kadi ko haɓɓitagol e doosgal wi’ungal: one graphem per phonem, e fulfulde: alkulal gootal wonande sowto wooto. Si tawii non ko maa tun ngal doosgal huuɓnee, ko honno winndirten sowtooji nyonndi ɗin wano mb, nd... alkulal bajjal? Ko fii honɗum ɓen wi’ooɓe ɗum hino huuwtora alkule ɗiɗiije e enngeleere maa e faransiire wano ch maa ph?
nng̣/ŋng
E piide misal: konngol (woni fonndoodi UNESCO)/koŋngol (woni mbinndudi lunndiindi).
Ko addi woɓɓe sincugol ndii mbinndudi lunndiindi, ko wiigol konngol hino waawa jogaade maanaaji ɗiɗi seertuɗi: gollal honude “naɓude konu, haɓeede, hippaade” hino waawi addude ismu kon-ngol, e maanaa huunde jeyaande e fedde-innde NGOL, wano lappol, si naɓii konu, wi’ee lappol konngol (iwde e seekorde gollal HON- e ɓeydol NGOL), e faransiire: la colonne qui a lancé l’expédition, e enngeleere: the column that launched the expedition. Ɗum ɗoo hino waawee faytindireede e konngol (haala, wowlugol) ko ɗum waɗi hino haani senndindireede ka binndol, e bi’ol winndooɓe koŋngol. E haqiiqa on, muynuɗo fulfulde faytindirtaa ɗii ɗoo ɗiɗi sabu helmere kala hino mari saccondiral mum e nder yeewtere, ko ɗemɗe Tuubaako innata kon context(e)! Si yawtii ɗon kadi, kelme addooje faytindiro wano no yiiru-ɗen nii heewaa, ɗe yonataa hay 1% kelmeendi fulfulde ndin! Ko ɗum waɗi, jogitagol mbinndudi haaldanaandi ndin bonnataa hay fus e oo ɗoo hella (bannge).
Kelmeendi ɓaarordi (terminoloojii)
fedde-innde: classe nominale (noun class)
ɓeydol: affixe, suffixe, préfixe
gollal: verbe
ismu: participe, participle
alkule ɗiɗiije: digraphe
seekorde: racine (root, stem)
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